An aggressive dynasty called the ‘Sasanians’, emerged in 225 which expanded rapidly just within 15 years in the direction of the Euphrates. From the 230s, the Roman Empire found itself fighting on several fronts simultaneously.But the third century brought in the first sign of internal conflict. External warfare was also much less common in the first two centuries. THE THIRD CENTURY CRISIS: The first two centuries were free from civil war, therefore, it was known as period of peace, prosperity and economic expansion. These kingdoms were exceedingly wealthy, for example Herod’s kingdom yielded 5.4million denarii per year, equal to over 125,000 kg of gold per year. The Near East was full of dependent kingdoms but they disappeared and were swallowed up by Rome. Territories: The Roman Empire had two types of territories – dependent kingdoms and provincial territory. The only major campaign of expansion in the early empire was Trajan’s fruitless occupation of territory across the Euphrates, in the years 113-17 CE abandoned by his successors. He made an immense contribution in expanding Roman empire. Trajan was a famous Roman emperor who ruled from 98-117 CE.The empire he was already so vast that further expansion was felt to be unnecessary. Augustus appointed Tiberius, his adopted son, as his successor who ruled from 14-37 CE.The ‘Augustan age’ is remembered for the peace it ushered in after decades of internal strife and centuries of military conquest.Roman empire made unprecedented growth in the field of literature during Augustan age. Augustus played a significant role in expansion of Roman empire.The success of individual emperors depended on their control of the army, and when the armies were divided, the result usually was civil war. Except for one notorious year (69 CE), when four emperors mounted the throne in quick succession.Įmperors: a) Nero, b) Julius Caesar, c) Octavian Augustus, d) Tiberius, e) Trajan The emperor, the aristocracy and the army were the three main ‘players’ in the political history of the empire.Military service was compulsory for certain groups or categories of the population for a minimum of 25 years. Rome had professional conscripted army, which was forcibly recruited. Next to the emperor and the Senate, the other key institution of imperial rule was the army.This body which had controlled Rome earlier, in the days when it was a Republic, and remained a body representing the aristocracy, that is, the wealthiest families of Roman and, later, Italian descent, mainly landowners. The Principate was advised by the Senate, which had existed in Rome for centuries.He ruled till 14 BCE and brought to an end the chaotic condition prevailing in Roman empire. The regime established by Augustus, the first emperor, in 27 BCE was called the ‘Principate’ (which means he was ‘leading citizen’, ‘ Princeps‘ in Latin, not the absolute ruler). Many languages were spoken in the empire, but for the officially Latin and Greek were the most widely used.Download Revision Notes as PDFĪn Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes HistoryĪdministration: i. Revising notes in exam days is on of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter in minutes. These are the An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History prepared by team of expert teachers. Download revision notes for An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History and score high in exams. An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes Historyĭownload CBSE class 11th revision notes for Chapter 3 An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History in PDF format for free. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from m圜BSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 11 History text book. CBSE Guide An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 NotesĬBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. Class 11 History notes on Chapter 3 An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History are also available for download in CBSE Guide website. The best app for CBSE students now provides An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE exams and school based annual examinations. Install NowĬBSE History Chapter 3 An Empire Across Three Continents class 11 Notes History in PDF are available for free download in m圜BSEguide mobile app. CBSE, NCERT, JEE Main, NEET-UG, NDA, Exam Papers, Question Bank, NCERT Solutions, Exemplars, Revision Notes, Free Videos, MCQ Tests & more.
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